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Rs.299 Rs.599
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| Category | : BACHELOR'S (HONOURS) DEGREE PROGRAMMES |
| Sub Category | : Bachelor of Arts Urdu (Honours)(BAUDH) |
| Products Code | : 6.12-BAUDH-ASSI |
| HSN Code | : 490110 |
| Language | : |
| Author | : BMAP EDUSERVICES PVT LTD |
| Publisher | : BMAP EDUSERVICES PVT LTD |
| University | : IGNOU (Indira Gandhi National Open University) |
| Pages | : 20-25 |
| Weight | : 157gms |
| Dimensions | : 21.0 x 29.7 cm (A4 Size Pages) |
BUDC 112 Study of Allama Iqbal is an essential course for understanding the life, poetry, and philosophical contributions of Allama Muhammad Iqbal, a central figure in the intellectual and political history of the Indian subcontinent. Iqbal, known as the "Spiritual Father of Pakistan," is celebrated for his profound philosophical thought and his revolutionary poetry that inspired millions. His works focused on issues of self-realization, identity, and empowerment, both at the individual and national levels.
Born in 1877 in Sialkot (now in Pakistan), Allama Iqbal was a prominent philosopher, poet, and politician in British India. His education spanned across multiple countries, including Europe, where he studied philosophy and law, earning his doctorate from the University of Munich. His exposure to Western philosophical thought, combined with his strong roots in Islamic traditions, helped shape his unique intellectual outlook.
Iqbal’s life was dedicated to the cause of awakening Muslim consciousness in the subcontinent. His philosophical and poetic ideas were influenced by prominent thinkers such as Nietzsche, Kant, and Rumi, while also drawing heavily on Islamic philosophy. Iqbal’s poetry became a tool to inspire his people to embrace self-empowerment, introspection, and social change.
One of the most important aspects of Iqbal’s work is his philosophy of self (Khudi). For Iqbal, Khudi was the concept of self-realization and personal growth, which transcends individual limitations and leads to a higher, spiritual state of being. He believed that humans are born with an innate potential to realize their fullest capacities, but this requires effort and internal struggle. His famous poetry collection Bang-e-Dra (The Call of the Marching Bell) reflects his vision of a society that would embrace the empowerment of the individual.
Iqbal’s philosophical thought was not only limited to individual development but also extended to the social and political dimensions. His ideas encouraged a revival of Islamic thought and the rediscovery of Muslim identity. Through his writing, Iqbal urged Muslims to reclaim their intellectual heritage and to strive for political and spiritual independence. Iqbal’s reflections on Islamic unity, the concept of God, and the relationship between spirituality and politics continue to influence modern Islamic thinkers.
Iqbal’s poetry is renowned for its intellectual depth and its ability to transcend time and place. His poetry evolved over the years, reflecting his changing philosophical views and the socio-political context in which he lived. His early poetry, like Asrar-e-Khudi (The Secrets of the Self), focused on the individual's inner growth and the importance of self-empowerment. This work lays the groundwork for his broader philosophical ideas, focusing on self-assertion and the development of individual will.
In his later works, such as Bang-e-Dara and Payam-e-Mashriq (Message of the East), Iqbal expanded his focus from individual empowerment to national consciousness. His poetry called for the revitalization of the Muslim world, urging his people to unite and embrace modernity while staying true to their cultural and spiritual roots. His work reflects both the challenges and hopes of the Muslim world during a period of colonial oppression and political fragmentation.
Iqbal’s works are known for their philosophical complexity, yet they are deeply rooted in spirituality. He often used metaphors from Sufism and Islamic mysticism to convey profound ideas about the relationship between the individual, society, and God. For example, in his iconic poem Lab Pe Aati Hai Dua Ban Ke Tamanna Meri (My Prayer is a Wish that Comes to the Lips), Iqbal highlights the connection between spirituality and human progress.
Iqbal's contributions were not limited to philosophy and poetry; he also played a crucial role in the political awakening of Muslims in the Indian subcontinent. Iqbal is often credited with inspiring the idea of Pakistan, where Muslims could live as a distinct political entity in line with their Islamic identity.
Iqbal’s vision of a separate Muslim state was outlined in his famous Allahabad Address (1930), where he proposed the creation of a Muslim-majority state in the north-western regions of India. His political thought was rooted in his deep understanding of Islamic history, the failures of colonialism, and the need for a unified Muslim community to regain its intellectual and cultural vigor. While Iqbal’s political stance evolved over time, his vision was of a state where Islamic principles, particularly justice and equality, could flourish.
Iqbal’s influence on Urdu literature cannot be overstated. As a poet, Iqbal elevated the Ghazal form to new heights with his philosophical depth, mystical themes, and musical rhythm. His poetry moved beyond the traditional romantic themes of love and separation, venturing into profound reflections on society, religion, and existence. Iqbal’s innovative use of language and metaphors allowed him to craft verses that are as relevant today as they were in the early 20th century.
His works continue to be a source of inspiration for generations of writers, poets, and intellectuals, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, and among Muslim communities worldwide. His combination of philosophical insight, spiritual vision, and political activism ensured that his literary and intellectual contributions continue to be studied and appreciated by scholars.
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